Skin cancer is the most prevalent form of cancer, and it is estimated that more than one million Americans develop skin cancer every year. Over-exposure to sunlight is the number one cause of skin cancer. The best way to avoid it is to minimize sun exposure, and use sunscreen. The three most common types of skin cancer are:

• Basal cell carcinoma
• Squamous cell carcinoma
• Malignant melanoma

It is important to inspect your skin regularly. If you notice anything out of the ordinary, make an appointment to see your dermatologist. The following are symptoms of the three most common types of skin cancer:

• Basal cell carcinoma often appears as a small, shiny lump that may bleed, crust over, then bleed again
• Squamous cell carcinoma typically appears as a lump or a red, scaly growth
• Malignant melanoma usually appears as a dark brown or black mole with uneven borders and irregular colors in shades of black, blue, red, or white

Other symptoms may include:

• A pre-cancerous condition called actinic keratoses, characterized by small, scaly spots commonly found on the face, lower arms, and back of the hands
• Changes to the number, size, shape, and color of pigmented areas
• The sudden appearance of moles, sores, growths, or discolorations

Your dermatologist will examine the area and decide if a skin biopsy is necessary. If the biopsy shows that the area is cancerous, there are several procedures that can be used. These include:

• Mohs surgery
• Curettage and electrodessication
• Surgical excision
• Laser surgery
• Cryosurgery
• Topical chemotherapy
• Radiation therapy

Remember, when skin cancer is found and treated in its early stages, there is a successful cure rate of greater than 95 percent.

Here are some places to get started:

• Our resources page
• American Academy of Dermatology
• The Melanoma Research Foundation
• The American Society for Mohs Surgery